GJ 1214b is an exoplanet located approximately 40 light years away from Earth in the constellation Ophiuchus. It was discovered in 2009 by the MEarth Project, a team of astronomers using ground-based telescopes to search for planets orbiting nearby stars.
One of the most interesting things about GJ 1214b is its composition. The exoplanet is classified as a "super-Earth," meaning it is larger and more massive than Earth, but still smaller and less massive than gas giants like Jupiter. GJ 1214b is about 2.7 times the size of Earth and weighs about 6.5 times as much.
The exoplanet's atmosphere is also of particular interest to astronomers. In 2013, scientists used the Hubble Space Telescope to study the atmospheres of several exoplanets, including GJ 1214b. They found that the atmosphere of GJ 1214b is composed mostly of water vapor, with some hydrogen and helium mixed in. This is a surprise, as scientists had expected the atmosphere to be composed mainly of methane and ammonia, like the atmospheres of many other exoplanets.
The surface of GJ 1214b is thought to be mostly ocean, with a thick, steamy atmosphere above it. The exoplanet is located in the "habitable zone" of its star, meaning that it is at the right distance to potentially support life. However, the surface temperature of GJ 1214b is estimated to be around 460 degrees Celsius (860 degrees Fahrenheit), much too hot to support life as we know it.
Despite its inhospitable surface conditions, GJ 1214b remains in.
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